Speech & Language Development 儿童语言发展

RCSLT, 2018

The communication development is not intended to be a model of speech and language development, but serves as visual aid to facilitate understanding of how a child's speech and language develops.

沟通发展并非成为言语和语言发展的模型，而是作为辅助工具，以促理解儿童的言语和语言发展方式。

Each layer serves as the building block of the subsequent levels. 每一层都是后续层的踏脚石。

• Preverbal Skills 前语言技能

  - Eye contact (眼神交流)

  - Turn Taking (轮流作传能力)

• Attention 专注

  - Waiting (等待技巧)

  - Completing short tasks (e.g. puzzles) 完成简单任务(拼图)

• Play Skills 玩耍技巧

  - Exploratory Play (e.g. banging on a surface, shaking, throwing)

  探索性游戏 （例如敲打表面，摇晃，丢)

  - Functional Play (e.g. use objects appropriately: comb, push a car)

  功能性游戏 (使用物品：梳子，车)

  - Pretend Play (e.g. pretend to pour, stirring with a spoon, feeding dolls)

  伪装游戏 (例如假装将茶倒入杯子，用勺子搅拌，喂娃娃)

  - Imaginary Play (e.g. Acting out a scene of police shooting the bad guys)

  想象游戏 (例如扮演警察抓坏人的场景)

• Receptive Language Skills 理解能力

  - Following instructions （跟从指示)

  - Increase vocabulary (明白词汇）

  - Understand questions (理解问题)

• Expressive Language Skills 表达能力

  - Single word > 2-3 word combination > Sentences > Telling story

  单词 > 单词组合 > 句子 > 说故事

• Speech Skills 发音

  - Clarity & accurate speech sounds